ESS chap4.3
34 単語
単語一覧(34)
aquatic food productionthe production of food from freshwater or marine systems
wild capture fisherya fishery where aquatic organisms are caught from natural ecosystems
aquaculturethe farming of aquatic organisms such as fish, shellfish or seaweed
fish farmingraising fish in controlled aquatic systems for food
maximum sustainable yieldthe largest catch that can be taken repeatedly without reducing the population’s ability to recover
overfishingcatching fish faster than populations can reproduce
overexploitationusing a biological resource faster than it can recover
unsustainable harvestingharvesting that reduces populations or damages ecosystems over time
fish stocka population of fish that is harvested
bycatchnon-target species caught unintentionally during fishing
net mesh sizethe size of gaps in a fishing net
minimum catch sizea rule that prevents catching individuals below a certain size
fishing quotaa legal limit on the amount of fish that can be caught
closed seasona period when fishing is banned to allow reproduction
marine protected areaa marine area where human activity is restricted to conserve ecosystems
sustainable fisherya fishery managed so fish populations and ecosystems can persist long term
multi-trophic aquaculturefarming species from different trophic levels together so waste from one is used by another
integrated aquacultureaquaculture system where different species are farmed together to reduce waste and increase efficiency
ammoniaa toxic nitrogen compound released from fish waste and uneaten food
nitratesnitrogen compounds that can be taken up by plants or algae
nitrificationthe process by which bacteria convert ammonia into nitrites and then nitrates
seaweed farminggrowing seaweed, often to absorb nutrients and produce food or products
shellfish farmingfarming organisms such as mussels, oysters or clams
feed conversion ratiothe amount of feed needed to produce a given mass of farmed animal
fishmealfeed made from processed fish, often used in aquaculture
farm wastewaste from aquaculture, including faeces and uneaten food
eutrophicationexcess nutrients causing rapid plant or algal growth and oxygen depletion
disease transmissionthe spread of disease between farmed and wild organisms
escapeesfarmed organisms that escape into natural ecosystems
genetic pollutiongenetic mixing between escaped farmed organisms and wild populations
ocean acidificationthe decrease in ocean pH caused by increased carbon dioxide absorption
climate changelong-term climate changes affecting ocean temperature, fish distribution and productivity
trophic cascadechanges through a food web caused by changes in predator or prey populations
planktonsmall drifting organisms that form the base of many aquatic food webs