ESS chap6.4
41 単語
単語一覧(41)
electromagnetic spectrumthe range of all types of electromagnetic radiation
ultraviolet radiationhigh-energy radiation from the Sun with wavelengths shorter than visible light
UV radiationultraviolet radiation
UVAthe least harmful type of ultraviolet radiation that is not absorbed by ozone
UVBultraviolet radiation partly absorbed by ozone that can cause sunburn and skin cancer
UVCthe most dangerous ultraviolet radiation, almost completely absorbed by ozone and oxygen
stratospheric ozoneozone found in the stratosphere that absorbs harmful ultraviolet radiation
ozone layera region of the stratosphere with high ozone concentration
ozoneO₃, a molecule made of three oxygen atoms
oxygen moleculeO₂, a molecule made of two oxygen atoms
oxygen atomO, a single oxygen atom
ozone formationthe process where UV radiation splits O₂ and oxygen atoms combine with O₂ to form O₃
ozone destructionthe breakdown of O₃ into O₂ and O
dynamic equilibriuma balance where ozone formation and destruction occur at similar rates
ozone depletionthe thinning or reduction of the stratospheric ozone layer
ozone holea severe seasonal thinning of the ozone layer, especially over Antarctica
ozone-depleting substancea chemical that destroys stratospheric ozone
ODSozone-depleting substance
CFCchlorofluorocarbon, an ozone-depleting substance formerly used in refrigerants and aerosols
HCFChydrochlorofluorocarbon, a replacement for CFCs that still harms ozone
HFChydrofluorocarbon, a replacement that does not deplete ozone but is a strong greenhouse gas
halonan ozone-depleting substance used in fire extinguishers
methyl bromidean ozone-depleting pesticide
carbon tetrachloridean ozone-depleting chemical formerly used as a cleaning substance
chlorine radicala reactive chlorine atom that catalyzes ozone destruction
catalytic cyclea reaction cycle where one substance repeatedly causes a reaction without being used up
polar stratospheric clouda cloud forming in very cold stratospheric conditions that helps activate chlorine compounds
PSCpolar stratospheric cloud
polar ozone depletionozone depletion that occurs strongly in polar regions
Antarctic ozone holeseasonal ozone depletion over Antarctica
Dobson unita unit used to measure total ozone in the atmosphere
Montreal Protocolan international agreement adopted in 1987 to phase out ozone-depleting substances
Kigali Amendmentan amendment to the Montreal Protocol aiming to phase down HFCs
precautionary principletaking action to prevent harm even when scientific certainty is incomplete
ozone recoverythe gradual increase of ozone levels after reductions in ozone-depleting substances
passive coolingbuilding design that reduces heat without mechanical air conditioning
natural ventilationbuilding design that uses airflow to cool indoor spaces
urban greeningplanting trees and creating green spaces to reduce urban heat
green roofa roof covered with vegetation that can cool buildings and cities
urban heat islandthe effect where cities are warmer than surrounding rural areas
natural refrigeranta refrigerant such as ammonia, hydrocarbons or carbon dioxide with lower environmental impact