ESS chap7.3
50 単語
単語一覧(50)
solid wastesolid materials discarded by humans after use
solid domestic wastesolid waste produced by households and daily domestic activities
SDWsolid domestic waste
domestic wastewaste from households, such as food scraps, packaging, paper and plastics
industrial wastewaste from manufacturing or industrial processes
agricultural wastewaste from farming, such as manure, crop residues, pesticides and fertilisers
e-wastediscarded electronic devices and components
food wastefood that is produced or bought but not eaten
biohazardous wastewaste that can spread infection or cause health risks
hazardous wastewaste that is dangerous to humans or ecosystems
toxic wastewaste that contains poisonous substances
biodegradable wastewaste that can be broken down by decomposers
non-biodegradable wastewaste that cannot be easily broken down by natural processes
waste generationthe production of waste by individuals, industries or societies
waste compositionthe types and proportions of materials in waste
landfilla site where waste is buried
incinerationburning waste to reduce its volume
waste-to-energyburning or processing waste to generate usable energy
recyclingrecovering and reusing materials to reduce waste and resource use
compostingthe breakdown of organic waste into nutrient-rich compost
anaerobic digestionbreakdown of biodegradable matter by microorganisms without oxygen
methane emissionsrelease of methane, often from decomposing organic waste in landfills
leachatepolluted liquid that drains from waste, especially landfills
plastic pollutionpollution caused by plastic waste in the environment
microplastictiny plastic particles that can be ingested by organisms
single-use plasticplastic designed to be used once and then thrown away
persistent organic pollutanta long-lasting pollutant that can bioaccumulate and biomagnify
POPpersistent organic pollutant
radioactive wastewaste containing radioactive materials
half-lifethe time taken for half of a pollutant or radioactive substance to decay
waste absorption capacitythe ability of ecosystems to process or absorb waste without harmful effects
preventative strategya strategy that reduces waste or pollution before it is produced
restorative strategya strategy that cleans up or repairs damage after pollution has occurred
source reductionreducing waste at the point where it is produced
reuseusing a product again instead of discarding it
repairfixing a product so it can continue to be used
remanufacturingrebuilding used products or components into usable products
extended producer responsibilitya policy requiring producers to manage the environmental impacts of their products after use
EPRextended producer responsibility
pay-as-you-throwa system where households pay according to how much waste they produce
waste disposal taxa tax on waste disposal to encourage reduction, reuse and recycling
mandatory recyclinga law requiring people or businesses to separate recyclable waste
waste sortingseparating waste into different categories for recycling or disposal
resource recoveryrecovering useful materials or energy from waste
circular economyan economic model that minimizes waste by keeping materials in use
linear economyan economic model based on take, make, use and dispose
global waste tradethe movement of waste between countries, often from high-income to low-income countries
informal recyclingunregulated recycling often carried out in poor or unsafe conditions
environmental injusticeunfair distribution of environmental harms among different social groups
Basel Conventionan international agreement controlling the movement of hazardous waste between countries