ESS chap4.4
37 単語
単語一覧(37)
water pollutionthe contamination of water bodies by harmful substances or energy
aquatic pollutionpollution that affects freshwater or marine ecosystems
point source pollutionpollution released from a single identifiable source
non-point source pollutionpollution from diffuse sources that are difficult to identify precisely
nutrient pollutionpollution caused by excess nutrients such as nitrates or phosphates
nitratea nutrient from fertilisers that can cause eutrophication
phosphatea nutrient often found in fertilisers and detergents that can cause eutrophication
fertiliser run-offfertiliser washed from land into water bodies
raw sewageuntreated human waste released into water
sewage treatmentprocessing sewage to remove pollutants before discharge
eutrophicationexcess nutrients causing rapid plant or algal growth and oxygen depletion
algal bloomrapid growth of algae due to excess nutrients
dissolved oxygenoxygen dissolved in water and available for aquatic organisms
oxygen depletiona reduction in dissolved oxygen in water
biochemical oxygen demandthe amount of oxygen needed by decomposers to break down organic matter in water
BODbiochemical oxygen demand
turbiditythe cloudiness of water caused by suspended particles
Secchi diska disk used to measure water transparency or turbidity
water qualitythe chemical, physical and biological condition of water
indicator speciesa species whose presence or absence indicates environmental conditions
bioindicatoran organism used to monitor environmental quality
plastic pollutionplastic waste entering and damaging ecosystems
microplasticstiny plastic particles that can be ingested by organisms
acid rainrainfall made acidic by pollutants such as sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides
sulfur dioxidea pollutant from burning fossil fuels that can cause acid rain
pesticidea chemical used to kill pests that can pollute water and bioaccumulate
bioaccumulationthe build-up of a pollutant in an organism over time
biomagnificationthe increase in pollutant concentration at higher trophic levels
mineral ionsdissolved inorganic ions such as nitrates and phosphates
decomposeran organism that breaks down dead organic matter
aerobic respirationrespiration using oxygen to release energy
positive feedbacka process where a change causes effects that amplify the original change
pollution managementstrategies used to prevent, reduce or clean up pollution
pollution preventionchanging human activity to stop pollutants being produced
pollution controlregulating or reducing pollutant release at the source
pollution clean-upremoving pollutants and restoring ecosystems after pollution has occurred
restorationreturning a damaged ecosystem closer to its original condition